Aftermarket torque converters

There is also the transmission fluid that moves through these components. This pump spins and pushes fluid outwards; hence, it is a centrifugal pump.

The operation of the pump helps to create a vacuum that attracts more fluid towards the center, which then enters the turbine. Once fluid exits the turbine, it moves in a direction opposite to that of the engine and the pump. The stator is located in the middle of the torque converter and it helps to redirect fluid before it re-enters the pump. The stator is placed on a fixed shaft, even though it has an internal one-way clutch to enable it freewheel at certain operating speeds.

There are three stages of operation evident in a torque converter and these are stall, acceleration, and coupling. Stalling is when the turbine cannot rotate even after the prime mover has applied power to the impeller. This stage of operation usually lasts briefly when the load starts to move initially since there will be a significant difference between the pump and turbine speed. What may be evident, is the tires spinning, due to the fact that the brake system may not be able to hold the engine back.

The latter is known as brake stall speed and it is lower than the true stall speed. Nonetheless, the actual difference between the pump and the turbine speed will determine the amount of multiplication that is produced.

Coupling is a stage of operation where the lock-up clutch is applied, which brings about fuel economy. There are several benefits of a torque converter, and some of these are:. A torque converter performs differently from a regular fluid coupling. The latter matches the rotational speed, however, it is unable to multiply torque.

In contrast, a torque converter can multiply torque in cases where the output rotational speed is low to the extent that it allows the fluid from the curved vanes of the turbine to be deflected off the stator. Moreover, this fluid deflection occurs while the stator is locked against its one-way clutch, thereby providing the equivalent of a reduction gear.

Torque multiplication also occurs when there is a difference between input and output speed. What the lockup does, is to bind the engine to the transmission rigidly when their speeds are almost equivalent.

This operation helps to prevent high levels of slippage, and loss of efficiency. Also, this helps to eliminate wasted power and at the same time improve fuel efficiency as high as 65 percent. If there are continuous high levels of slippage, however, it could make it difficult for the converter to dissipate heat. When this happens, it could damage the elastomer seals that are responsible for retaining fluid within the converter. As time goes on, the fluid inside the converter may leak completely, thereby causing it to stop working.

A torque converter is a useful fluid coupling in automatic transmissions given the range of benefits it offers. From its ability to multiply torque, to preventing slippage that will bring about performance efficiency. Nevertheless, it is worth noting that several components including the impeller, stator, and turbine aid its operation. Likewise, the three stages of operation are what finally leads to the resultant benefits reaped from using even an aftermarket torque converter.

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